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| the fourth part of plot, in which the complications are untangled | falling action |
| part of plot that provides setting, introduces characters, and establishes situation | exposition |
| time and place of a story | setting |
| struggle between opposing forces | conflict |
| device where a scene from the past is inserted into the present | flashback |
| a reference--whether explicit or implicit--to history, the Bible, myth, literature, painting, music, and so on | allusion |
| a character or force that opposes the main character | antagonist |
| comparison of two unlike things in which no word of comparison is used | metaphor |
| the high point, or turning point, in a story--usually the most intense point in the plot | climax |
| a character struggles with himself or herself | internal conflict |
| second part of the plot where the situation gets complicated or the conflict intensifies | rising action |
| the action or the sequence of related events | plot |
| great difference in what was expected and what happened | situational irony |
| main character or hero of the story | protagonist |
| a comparison of two unlike things in which a word of comparison (like or as) is used | simile |
| the reader sees a character's mistakes or misunderstandings, but the character himself does not | dramatic irony |
| giving hints and clues of what is to come later in a story | foreshadowing |
| person, place, or thing used to represent something else | symbol |
| when someone says one thing but means something completely different | verbal irony |